Description
This book presents summaries and analysis of 50 studies that have shaped the practice of internal medicine. Covering key internal medicine topics – from cardiaology to pulmonary and critical care medicine, palliative care to mental health – this is a must-read for health care professionals and anyone who wants to learn about the data behind clinical practice. MH: Medical Director for Innovation, AltaMed Health Services and Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Clinical Scholar, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles. CNP: Fellow, Division of Cardiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Section 1. Preventive Medicine; 1. Preventing Diabetes: The Diabetes Prevention Program; 2. Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH); 3. Aspirin for the Primary Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: The Physicians’ Health Study and the Women’s Health Study; 4. Postmenopausal Hormone Therapy: The Women’s Health Initiative; 5. The Cochrane Review of Screening Mammography; 6. The European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer; 7. Screening for Lung Cancer with Low-Dose Computed Tomography vs. Chest Radiography: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST); Section 2. Endocrinology; 8. Treating Elevated Blood Sugar Levels in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS); 9. Intensive versus conservative blood sugar control for patients with type 2 diabetes: the ACCORD trial; 10. Intensive vs. Conventional Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DCCT); 11. Intensive vs. Conservative Blood Pressure Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes; Section 3. Hematology and Oncology; 12. Choice of Anticoagulant for Prevention of Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in Patients with Cancer; 13. Vena Caval Filters in the Prevention of Pulmonary Embolism in Patients with Proximal Deep-Vein Thrombosis; 14. Phase I Study of Imatinib (STI571) in Patients with Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia; Section 4. Musculoskeletal Diseases; 15. Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Low Back Pain; 16. Early therapy for rheumatoid arthritis: The TICORA Study; Section 5. Nephrology; 17. Revascularization vs. Medical Therapy for Renal Artery Stenosis; 18. Correcting Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease: The CHOIR Study; 19. Early versus Late Initiation of Dialysis: The IDEAL Trial; Section 6. Gastroenterology; 20. Use of IV Albumin in Patients with Cirrhosis and Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis; 21. Early use of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with cirrhosis and variceal bleeding; Section 7. Infectious Diseases; 22. Methicillin-Resistant S. aureus Infections among Patients in the Emergency Department; 23. Antibiotic Therapy in Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; 24. Early versus Delayed Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients with HIV: The NA-ACCORD Study; Section 8. Cardiology; 25. Statins in Healthy Patients with an Elevated C-Reactive Protein: The JUPITER Trial; 26. The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S); 27. Choosing Fist-Line Therapy for Hypertension: The ALLHAT Trial; 28. Rate Control versus Rhythm Control for Atrial Fibrillation: The AFFIRM Trial; 29. Initial Treatment of Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The COURAGE Trial; 30. Early Invasive vs. Conservative Management for Unstable Angina or Non-ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: The RITA 3 Trial; 31. MADIT II: Prophylactic Defibrillator Implantation in Patients with Low Ejection Fraction Following Myocardial Infarction; 32. Captopril in Patients with Left Ventricular Dysfunction after Myocardial Infarction: The SAVE Trial; 33. Spironolactone in Advanced Heart Failure: The RALES Trial; 34. The African American Heart Failure Trial (A-HeFT); 35. Intraaortic Balloon Support for Myocardial Infarction with Cardiogenic Shock (IABP-SHOCK II); Section 9. Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine; 36. Intensive versus Conventional Glucose Control in Critically Ill Patients; 37. Red Cell Transfusion in Critically Ill Patients: The TRICC Trial; 38. Noninvasive Ventilation for Acute Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease; 39. Low Tidal Volume Ventilation in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome/Acute Lung Injury; 40. Comparison of routine vs. on-demand chest radiographs in mechanically-ventilated adults in the intensive care unit; 41. Early Goal-Directed Therapy in Sepsis; 42. Dopamine vs. norepinephrine in the treatment of shock; 43. Daily Interruption of Sedative Infusions in Critically Ill Patients Undergoing Mechanical Ventilation; 44. A Comparison of Four Methods of Weaning Patients from Mechanical Ventilation; Section 10. Geriatrics and Palliative Care; 45. Behavioral versus Pharmacological Treatment for Insomnia in the Elderly; 46. Treatment of Hypertension in the Elderly; 47. Use of feeding tubes in patients with dementia; 48. Early Palliative Care in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer; Section 11. Mental Health; 49. Initial Treatment of Depression; 50. Symptom-Triggered vs. Fixed Dose Therapy for Alcohol Withdrawal
